Search results for " Psychiatry and Mental health"

showing 10 items of 109 documents

The relationship between animal cruelty in children and adolescent and interpersonal violence: A systematic review

2019

Abstract The following study is a systematic review of the relationship between animal cruelty and interpersonal violence. The systematic literature review following PRISMA guidelines and combined with the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, enabled us to locate 32 studies published between 1995 and July 2017. Overall, the results show that episodes of animal cruelty during childhood and adolescence tend to co-occur alongside other forms of violent and antisocial behaviors. Cruelty to animals was associated with bullying, behavioral problems, experiences of abuse (emotional, physical and sexual), and juvenile delinquency. Furthermore, recurrent animal cruelty during childhood a…

Animal abuse2734Poison controlCrueltyInterpersonal violencePathology and Forensic MedicineDevelopmental psychologyInjury preventionJuvenile delinquencyHuman violenceCruelty to animals0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesAntisocial behaviorAnimal cruelty050901 criminology05 social sciencesHuman factors and ergonomicsChildhoodAdolescenceClinical PsychologySystematic reviewPsychiatry and Mental HealthAdolescence; Animal abuse; Animal cruelty; Antisocial behavior; Childhood; Human violence; Interpersonal violence; Systematic review; 2734; Clinical Psychology; Psychiatry and Mental HealthSystematic review0509 other social sciencesPsychologyDeviance (sociology)050104 developmental & child psychology
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ADHD and DAT1: Further evidence of paternal over-transmission of risk alleles and haplotype

2010

Contains fulltext : 87259.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) We [Hawi et al. (2005); Am J Hum Genet 77:958-965] reported paternal over-transmission of risk alleles in some ADHD-associated genes. This was particularly clear in the case of the DAT1 3'-UTR VNTR. In the current investigation, we analyzed three new sample comprising of 1,248 ADHD nuclear families to examine the allelic over-transmission of DAT1 in ADHD. The IMAGE sample, the largest of the three-replication samples, provides strong support for a parent of origin effect for allele 6 and the 10 repeat allele (intron 8 and 3'-UTR VNTR, respectively) of DAT1. In addition, a similar pattern of over-transmission of paternal ri…

Untranslated region2716 Genetics (clinical)Candidate gene2804 Cellular and Molecular NeuroscienceMedizin610 Medicine & healthMinisatellite RepeatsBiology2738 Psychiatry and Mental HealthGenomic Imprinting03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingmental disordersPerception and Action [DCN 1]HumansGenetics(clinical)ddc:610Medizinische Fakultät » Universitätsklinikum Essen » LVR-Klinikum Essen » Klinik für Psychiatrie Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und JugendaltersRisk factorAllele3' Untranslated RegionsNuclear familyGeneAllelesGenetics (clinical)GeneticsMental Health [NCEBP 9]Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsHaplotypeIntron10058 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry030227 psychiatryPsychiatry and Mental healthHaplotypesAttention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_being030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAmerican Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics
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Candidate genetic pathways for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show association to hyperactive/impulsive symptoms in children with AD…

2013

Item does not contain fulltext OBJECTIVE: Because multiple genes with small effect sizes are assumed to play a role in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) etiology, considering multiple variants within the same analysis likely increases the total explained phenotypic variance, thereby boosting the power of genetic studies. This study investigated whether pathway-based analysis could bring scientists closer to unraveling the biology of ADHD. METHOD: The pathway was described as a predefined gene selection based on a well-established database or literature data. Common genetic variants in pathways involved in dopamine/norepinephrine and serotonin neurotransmission and genes involv…

Malegenetic pathwaysMedizinSocial SciencesGenome-wide association studyDCN PAC - Perception action and controlSeverity of Illness Index/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/clean_water_and_sanitationneuritic outgrowth2738 Psychiatry and Mental HealthDOPAMINE0302 clinical medicineDevelopmental and Educational PsychologyIsraelChildQUANTITATIVE TRAITS10058 Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryGenomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders [DCN PAC - Perception action and control IGMD 3]EuropePsychiatry and Mental healthattention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptomsPhenotypeChild PreschoolFemalemedicine.symptomPsychologySDG 6 - Clean Water and Sanitationmedicine.drugClinical psychologymedicine.medical_specialtyDIAGNOSTIC-APPROACHAdolescentGenotypeLARGE MULTICENTER ADHDIDENTIFIES ASSOCIATIONDEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDERDCN MP - Plasticity and memoryneurotransmitter systems610 Medicine & healthQuantitative trait locusHyperkinesisImpulsivityMental health [NCEBP 9]Genomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders DCN MP - Plasticity and memory [IGMD 3]03 medical and health sciencesDopamineRating scalemedicineCriterion validityddc:61Attention deficit hyperactivity disorderHumansddc:610Medizinische Fakultät » Universitätsklinikum Essen » LVR-Klinikum Essen » Klinik für Psychiatrie Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und JugendaltersDCN PAC - Perception action and control NCEBP 9 - Mental healthGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATIONNITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASEPsychiatryGenetic Association StudiesMETAANALYSISPsychiatric Status Rating Scales3204 Developmental and Educational Psychologymedicine.disease030227 psychiatryAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityImpulsive BehaviorEtiologyCRITERION VALIDITY030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Does the Interpersonal Model Generalize to Obesity Without Binge Eating?

2016

The interpersonal model has been validated for binge eating disorder (BED), but it is not yet known if the model applies to individuals who are obese but who do not binge eat. The goal of this study was to compare the validity of the interpersonal model in those with BED versus those with obesity, and normal weight samples. Data from a sample of 93 treatment-seeking women diagnosed with BED, 186 women who were obese without BED, and 100 controls who were normal weight were examined for indirect effects of interpersonal problems on binge eating psychopathology mediated through negative affect. Findings demonstrated the mediating role of negative affect for those with BED and those who were o…

Adultobesityinterpersonal problemsPersonality InventoryPsychopathologyinterpersonal modelHyperphagiaModels Psychologicalnegative affectBinge eating disorder; interpersonal model; interpersonal problems; negative affect; obesity; clinical psychology; psychiatry and mental health;Feeding and Eating DisordersClinical Psychologyinterpersonal problemPsychiatry and Mental HealthSurveys and QuestionnairesSettore M-PSI/08 - Psicologia Clinicabinge eating disorderHumansFemaleInterpersonal RelationsBulimiaBinge-Eating Disorder
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Online Positive Interventions to Promote Well-being and Resilience in the Adolescent Population: A Narrative Review

2017

Numerous studies have shown an alarming prevalence of depression, anxiety, and behavior disorders in youth. Thus, prevention of psychological problems in this population becomes crucial. According to the World Health Organization (1), prevention should also include the promotion and development of the individual’s strengths in order to reduce vulnerability to suffering from mental disorders. In addition, other key elements of prevention are the reach, adoption, implementation, and maintenance of interventions. The information and communication technologies, especially the Internet, have much to offer in terms of the prevention and promotion of positive mental health in adolescents. This pap…

Psychotherapistmedia_common.quotation_subjectApplied psychologyPopulationPsychological interventionVulnerabilitySettore M-PSI/08 - PSICOLOGIA CLINICAAdolescents03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePromotion (rank)Positive psychologyMedicineSettore M-PSI/01 - PSICOLOGIA GENERALE030212 general & internal medicineOnline interventionseducationmedia_commonPsychiatryeducation.field_of_studyInternetbusiness.industryPreventionAdolescents; Internet; Mental health; Online interventions; Positive psychology; Prevention; Psychiatry and Mental HealthMental health030227 psychiatryHealth promotionPsychiatry and Mental HealthPerspectiveThe InternetMental healthPsychological resiliencebusiness
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Affective temperaments in general population: A review and combined analysis from national studies

2010

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of affective temperaments in general non-clinical population in different countries Method We performed a detailed search of published studies (one unpublished) investigating affective temperaments in non-clinical populations by administering the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Paris and San Diego Auto-questionnaire (TEMPS-A) in its 110-items version. We have included a total of six studies published from different countries (Argentina, Germany, Hungary, Korea, Lebanon, and Portugal) and one unpublished with preliminary data from Spain. We analyzed the combined data from the collected studies. Results We fou…

AdultMaleAffective temperamentsmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentmedia_common.quotation_subjectPopulationArgentinaPersonality AssessmentAffect (psychology)Young AdultSex FactorsSex factorsRepublic of KoreamedicineGender differencesHumansPersonalityLebanonYoung adultTemperamentPsychiatryeducationmedia_commoneducation.field_of_studyAffective temperamentGeneral populationMiddle AgedEuropeAffectPsychiatry and Mental healthClinical PsychologyTEMPS-AHomogeneousAffective temperament; Gender differences; General population; Nonclinical population; TEMPS-A; Adolescent; Adult; Argentina; Europe; Female; Humans; Lebanon; Male; Middle Aged; Personality Assessment; Republic of Korea; Sex Factors; Temperament; Young Adult; Affect; Personality; Clinical Psychology; Psychiatry and Mental HealthFemaleTemperamentNonclinical populationPsychologyPersonalityClinical psychologyJournal of Affective Disorders
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DSM-IV Combined Type ADHD Shows Familial Association With Sibling Trait Scores

2008

Contains fulltext : 69060.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a discrete clinical syndrome characterized by the triad of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity in the context of marked impairments. Molecular genetic studies have been successful in identifying genetic variants associated with ADHD, particularly with DSM-IV inattentive and combined subtypes. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) approaches to linkage and association mapping have yet to be widely used in ADHD research, although twin studies investigating individual differences suggest that genetic liability for ADHD is continuously distributed throughout the population, u…

Malequantitative geneticsGenetics and epigenetic pathways of disease [NCMLS 6]Genetic Linkageattention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)GENOMEWIDE SCANMedizin2804 Cellular and Molecular NeuroscienceNeuroinformatics [DCN 3]MULTIPLE-REGRESSION ANALYSIS2738 Psychiatry and Mental Health0302 clinical medicineDIFFICULTIES QUESTIONNAIREDEFICIT-HYPERACTIVITY DISORDERTwins DizygoticPerception and Action [DCN 1]Genetics(clinical)DF analysisAssociation mappingGenetics (clinical)linkage studyGeneticseducation.field_of_studyATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDERDOPAMINE TRANSPORTER GENE10058 Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersPsychiatry and Mental healthCHILD-BEHAVIOR CHECKLISTConduct disorderRegression AnalysisFemalemedicine.symptomFunctional Neurogenomics [DCN 2]Clinical psychology2716 Genetics (clinical)Quantitative Trait LociPopulation610 Medicine & healthQuantitative trait locusBiologyImpulsivityMental health [NCEBP 9]behavioral disciplines and activitiesINDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCESInterviews as TopicGenomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders [IGMD 3]quantitative trait locus (QTL)03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceCognitive neurosciences [UMCN 3.2]mental disordersmedicineHumansSibling RelationsAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderFamilyGenetic Predisposition to Diseaseddc:610Medizinische Fakultät » Universitätsklinikum Essen » LVR-Klinikum Essen » Klinik für Psychiatrie Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und JugendaltersSiblingeducationTWIN DATAmedicine.diseaseTwin study030227 psychiatryGenetic defects of metabolism [UMCN 5.1]Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityCONDUCT DISORDER030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAmerican Journal of Medical Genetics. Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics
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Treatments used for obsessive-compulsive disorder-An international perspective.

2018

Objective The objective of this study was to characterise international trends in the use of psychotropic medication, psychological therapies, and novel therapies used to treat obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). Methods Researchers in the field of OCD were invited to contribute summary statistics on the characteristics of their samples. Consistency of summary statistics across countries was evaluated. Results The study surveyed 19 expert centres from 15 countries (Argentina, Australia, Brazil, China, Germany, Greece, India, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States) providing a total sample of 7,340 participants. Fluoxetine (n = 972; 13…

MaleObsessive-Compulsive DisorderInternationalitymedicine.medical_treatmentDeep Brain StimulationSocial SciencesFluvoxamineBENZODIAZEPINASpharmacotherapyBenzodiazepines0302 clinical medicinePharmacology (medical)TERAPIA PSICOANALITICAPSICOFARMACOLOGIAantipsychotics; benzodiazepines; cross-cultural study; obsessive-compulsive disorder; pharmacotherapy; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitorsMiddle Aged3. Good healthExposure and response preventionantipsychotics; benzodiazepines; cross-cultural study; obsessive–compulsive disorder; pharmacotherapy; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitorsNeurologyPsychiatry and Mental HealthSerotonin Uptake Inhibitorscross-cultural studyAripiprazoleFemalebenzodiazepineSelective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitorsmedicine.drugPsychosurgeryAntipsychotic AgentsAdultmedicine.medical_specialty:Ciências da Saúde [Ciências Médicas]Ciências Médicas::Ciências da SaúdeSerotonin reuptake inhibitor03 medical and health sciencesANTIPSICOTICOSobsessive–compulsive disorderselective serotonin reuptake inhibitorsmedicinePSICOTROPICOSHumansAntipsychoticPsychiatryFARMACOTERAPIAFluoxetineRisperidoneantipsychotics; benzodiazepines; cross-cultural study; obsessive–compulsive disorder; pharmacotherapy; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors; Neurology; Neurology (clinical); Psychiatry and Mental Health; Pharmacology (medical)Science & Technologyselective serotonin reuptake inhibitorbusiness.industryTRASTORNO OBSESIVO COMPULSIVO030227 psychiatryantipsychoticPsychosurgeryantipsychoticsNeurology (clinical)business030217 neurology & neurosurgerySEROTONINAHuman psychopharmacology
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Pain and severe sleep disturbance in the general population: Primary data and meta-analysis from 240,820 people across 45 low- and middle-income coun…

2018

Objective:\ud Pain and sleep disturbances are widespread, and are an important cause of a reduced quality of life. Despite this, there is a paucity of multinational population data assessing the association between pain and sleep problems, particularly among low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Therefore, we investigated the relationship between pain and severe sleep disturbance across 45 LMICs.\ud \ud Method: \ud Community-based data on 240,820 people recruited via the World Health Survey were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression analyses adjusted for multiple confounders were performed to quantify the association between pain and severe sleep problems in the last 30 days. A me…

AdultMaleSleep Wake Disordersmedicine.medical_specialtySleep Pain Sleep disturbance Psychiatry Low- and middle-income countries*Low- and middle-income countriesPopulationSleep disturbancePainSleep Wake DisordersComorbidityAnxietyGlobal Health03 medical and health sciences*Sleep0302 clinical medicine*PainmedicineInsomniaHumans030212 general & internal medicineeducationDeveloping CountriesDepression (differential diagnoses)Psychiatryeducation.field_of_studySleep disorderLow- and middle-income countriesbusiness.industryDepressionLow- and middle-income countries; Pain; Psychiatry; Sleep; Sleep disturbance; Psychiatry and Mental HealthOdds ratio*Sleep disturbanceMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseComorbidityHealth SurveysPsychiatry and Mental healthRC0321Physical therapyAnxiety*PsychiatryFemalemedicine.symptomSleepbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryStress PsychologicalGeneral hospital psychiatry
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The MITOS system predicts long-term survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

2015

ObjectiveThe choice of adequate proxy for long-term survival, the ultimate outcome in randomised clinical trials (RCT) assessing disease-modifying treatments for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), is a key issue. The intrinsic limitations of the ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R), including non-linearity, multidimensionality and floor-effect, have emerged and its usefulness argued. The ALS Milano-Torino staging (ALS-MITOS) system was proposed as a novel tool to measure the progression of ALS and overcome these limitations. This study was performed to validate the ALS-MITOS as a 6-month proxy of survival in 200 ALS patients followed up to 18 months.MethodsAnalyses were performe…

MalePredictive Value of TestWalkingLogistic regressionALS; MOTOR NEURON DISEASE; NEUROMUSCULAR; RANDOMISED TRIALS; Adult; Aged; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Communication; Deglutition; Disability Evaluation; Disease Progression; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Noninvasive Ventilation; Predictive Value of Tests; ROC Curve; Respiration; Self Care; Survival Analysis; Walking; Neurology (clinical); Psychiatry and Mental Health; Surgery; Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous); Medicine (all)law.inventionALS long-term survival ALSFRS-RDisability EvaluationRandomized controlled triallawNEUROMUSCULARAmyotrophic lateral sclerosisMOTOR NEURON DISEASEALS; MOTOR NEURON DISEASE; NEUROMUSCULAR; RANDOMISED TRIALS; Neurology (clinical); Psychiatry and Mental Health; Surgery; Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous)CommunicationRespirationMedicine (all)Area under the curveMiddle Agedals motor neuron disease neuromuscular randomised trialsPsychiatry and Mental HealthPredictive value of testsDisease ProgressionSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaFemaleSurvival AnalysiHumanAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyNOSwallowingDouble-Blind MethodArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)Predictive Value of TestsInternal medicinemedicineRANDOMISED TRIALSHumansSurvival analysisAgedNoninvasive VentilationReceiver operating characteristicbusiness.industryAmyotrophic Lateral Sclerosisals; motor neuron disease; neuromuscular; randomised trials; adult; aged; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; communication; deglutition; disability evaluation; disease progression; double-blind method; female; humans; male; middle aged; noninvasive ventilation; predictive value of tests; roc curve; respiration; self care; survival analysis; walking; neurology clinical; psychiatry and mental health; surgery; arts and humanities ; medicinemedicine.diseaseSurvival AnalysisSurgeryDeglutitionSelf CareALS; MOTOR NEURON DISEASE; NEUROMUSCULAR; RANDOMISED TRIALS; Adult; Aged; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Communication; Deglutition; Disability Evaluation; Disease Progression; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Noninvasive Ventilation; Predictive Value of Tests; ROC Curve; Respiration; Self Care; Survival Analysis; Walking; Surgery; Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous); Neurology (clinical); Psychiatry and Mental HealthROC CurveSurgeryNeurology (clinical)ALSbusinessAmyotrophic Lateral Sclerosi
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